What type of hybridization uses a nitrocellulose or nylon membrane to immobilize multiple samples?

The correct answer is Dot/Blot Hybridization because it specifically refers to the technique where nucleic acid samples are deposited in a series of discrete spots on a solid support, such as nitrocellulose or nylon membranes. This method allows for the immobilization of multiple samples in a format that facilitates the subsequent hybridization steps.

In Dot/Blot Hybridization, samples are present as dots or blots on the membrane, which can then be hybridized with labeled probes to detect specific sequences. This technique is particularly useful for screening multiple samples simultaneously and provides a visual representation that can be easily analyzed.

While Macroarrays may also involve the use of membranes, they typically refer to a more complex format where a larger number of spots are organized on a grid, allowing for higher throughput but not necessarily focusing on immobilization of samples in the same way as Dot/Blot Hybridization.

Southern Blotting is a distinct method used primarily for the detection of specific DNA sequences following gel electrophoresis and transfer to a membrane. It is not focused on immobilizing multiple samples in a dot or blot format.

Liquid Phase Hybridization involves the hybridization of nucleic acids in solution, which contrasts with the immobilized nature of Dot/Blot Hybridization