What is an outcome of failure in engraftment testing?

Failure in engraftment testing indicates that the transplanted cells, such as stem cells or tissue, have not successfully integrated into the recipient's body and are not functioning as intended. This situation can lead to significant complications in the patient’s recovery process, as the failure to engraft means the intended therapeutic effects of the transplantation, such as restoring normal blood cell production or organ function, have not been achieved.

As a result, one of the most immediate outcomes is the potential need for re-transplantation. Since the body has not accepted the transplanted cells, clinicians may need to consider another transplant in order to provide the patient with a chance for recovery. This subsequent procedure may be necessary to address the complications arising from the failed initial engraftment and to improve the chances of achieving a successful outcome through another attempt.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the outcomes associated with failed engraftment testing. For instance, increased chances of recovery and natural healing of the recipient imply a positive progression that would not occur from a failure in engraftment. Furthermore, the success of initial tests contradicts the premise of a failure in engraftment testing.