Which of the following is part of DNA-based HLA typing?

DNA-based HLA typing involves methods that specifically utilize DNA sequences to identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types. Sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization is a technique that directly complements this process. In this method, oligonucleotide probes that are specific to certain DNA sequences of the HLA genes are used. When a sample of DNA from an individual is hybridized with these probes, the binding of the probes to the target sequences can be detected, indicating the presence of specific HLA alleles.

This method is particularly advantageous in HLA typing because it allows for the identification of specific genetic variants with high precision and accuracy. It relies on the unique sequences of DNA, which is essential for the differentiated typing of alleles that can vary significantly among different individuals.

Other methods listed, such as RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry, are not primarily associated with the direct typing of HLA genes in the context of DNA analysis. Gel electrophoresis, while a fundamental technique in molecular biology, is often used for the separation of DNA fragments by size but does not inherently provide specificity for identifying HLA alleles without additional techniques.